Publications

a. Past and Future Climate Variations

  1. Coauthors and G. Zhang: On the inland hazards of tropical cyclones. Submitted.
  2. Zhang, G., et al. 2025: Chinese Historical Documents Reveal Seasonal and Latitudinal Shifts of Tropical Cyclone Activity, under review.
  3. Miao et al., 2025: Equatorial-asymmetric Climate Changes in Tropical Central-Eastern Pacific Induced by Remote Atlantic Forcing, under review.
  4. H.-H. Chou, T. Shaw, and G. Zhang 2025: Human influence on recent trends in extratropical low-level wind speed, submitted.
  5. Di Girolamo, L., G. Zhao, G. Zhang, Z. Wang, J. Loveridge, A. Mitra, 2025: Decadal changes in atmospheric circulation detected in cloud motion vectors, Nature, 643, 983–987.
  6. Zhang, G., 2023: Warming-induced Contraction of Tropical Convection Delays and Reduces Tropical Cyclone Formation, Nature Commun., 14, 6274.
  7. Zhang, G., H. Murakami, T. Knutson, R. Mizuta, and K. Yoshida, 2020: Tropical Cyclone Motion in a Changing Climate, Science Advances, 6(17), eaaz7610.

b. Climate Prediction: Subseasonal-to-Seasonal Scales
  1. Zhang, G., M. Rao, J. Yuval, M. Zhao, 2025: Advancing Seasonal Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Activity with a Hybrid AI-Physics Climate Model, Environ. Res. Lett., accepted.
  2. Qian Y., P.C. Hsu, H. Murakami, G. Zhang, H. Wang, M. Duan, 2024: Intraseasonal Variability of Anticyclonic Rossby Wave Breaking and Its Impact on Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific, J Climate.
  3. Zhang, G., 2023: Improve Climate Predictions by Reducing Initial Prediction Errors: A Benefit Estimate Using Multi-model ENSO Predictions, preprint.
  4. Xiang, B., B. Wang, W. Zhang, L. Harris, T. L. Delworth, G. Zhang, and W. F. Cooke, 2021: Subseasonal controls of US landfalling tropical cyclones. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 5, 1-9.
  5. Zhang, G., H. Murakami, W. F. Cooke, Z. Wang, L. Jia, F. Lu, X. Yang, T. L. Delworth, A. T. Wittenberg, M. J. Harrison, M. Bushuk, C. McHugh, N. C. Johnson, S. B. Kapnick, K.-C. Tseng, and L. Zhang, 2021: Seasonal Predictability of Baroclinic Wave Activity, npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
  6. K.C. Tseng, N. C. Johnson, S. B. Kapnick, T. L. Delworth, F. Lu, W. Cooke, A. T. Wittenberg, A. J. Rosati, L. Zhang, C. McHugh, X. Yang, M. Harrison, F. Zeng, G. Zhang, H. Murakami, M. Bushuk, L. Jia, 2021: Are Multiseasonal Forecasts of Atmospheric Rivers Possible? Geophys. Res. Lett.
  7. Zhang, G., H. Murakami, X. Yang, K. Findell, A. Wittenberg, and Liwei Jia, 2021: Dynamical Seasonal Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Activity: Roles of Sea Surface Temperature Errors and Atmosphere/Land Initialization, J. Climate.
  8. Zhang, G., H. Murakami, R. Gudgel, and X. Yang, 2019: Dynamical Seasonal Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Activity: Robust Assessment of Prediction Skill and Predictability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 5506-5515.
  9. Li, W., Z. Wang, G. Zhang, M. S. Peng, S. G. Benjamin, and M. Zhao 2018: Subseasonal Variability of Rossby Wave Breaking and Impacts on Tropical Cyclones during the North Atlantic Warm Season, J. Climate, 31, 9679–9695.
  10. Wang, Z., G. Zhang, M. S. Peng, and J.-H. Chen, and S.-J. Lin, 2015: Predictability of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones in the GFDL HiRAM Model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 2547-2554.

c. Socioeconomic Impacts, Modeling, and Applications

  1. Zhang, G., 2025: Summer Amplification of Wind Stilling and Land Warming Compounds Energy Risks in Northern Midlatitudes,
    Environ. Res. Lett    .
  2. Zhang, G., and W. Zhu, 2023: Characteristics and Predictive Modeling of Short-term Impacts of Hurricanes on the US Employment, preprint.

d. Large-Scale Circulation and Climate Dynamics

  1. Li, Y., S-P. Xie, T. Lian, G. Zhang, J. Feng, J. Ma, Q. Peng, W. Wang, Y. Hou, and X. Li, 2023: Interannual Variability of Regional Hadley Circulation and El Niño Interaction. Geophys. Res. Lett.
  2. Li, Y., S-P. Xie, G. Zhang, Z. Wang, W. Wang, and Y Hou, 2022: Regional Perspective of Hadley Circulation and Its Uncertainties among Different Datasets: Spread in Reanalysis Datasets. JGR-Atmosphere.
  3. Zhang, G., L. Silvers, M. Zhao, and T. Knutson, 2021: Idealized Aqua-Planet Simulations of Tropical Cyclone Activity: Significance of Temperature Gradients, Hadley Circulation, and Zonal Asymmetry, J. Atmos. Sci., 78, 877–902.
  4. Wang, Z., G. Zhang, T. Dunkerton, and F.-F., Jin, 2020: Summertime Stationary Waves Integrate Tropical and Extratropical Impacts on Tropical Cyclone Activity, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 117, 22720-22726.
  5. Zhang, G., and Z. Wang, 2019: North Atlantic Extratropical Rossby Wave Breaking during the Hurricane Season: Association of Tropical and Extratropical Variability. J. Climate, 32, 3777–3801.
  6. Zhang, G. and Z. Wang, 2015: Interannual Variability of Tropical Cyclone Activity and Regional Hadley Circulation over the Northeastern Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 2473-2481.
  7. Zhang, G, Z. Wang, 2013: Interannual Variability of the Atlantic Hadley Circulation in Boreal Summer and Its Impacts on Tropical Cyclone Activity. J. Climate, 26, 8529–8544. 

e. Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones: Physical Processes and Modeling

  1. Chen, Z., L. R. Leung, W. Zhou, J. Lu, S. W. Lubis, Y. Liu, C.-C. Chang, B. E. Harrop, Y. Wang, G. Zhang, Y. Qian, 2025: Hierarchical Testing of a Hybrid Machine Learning-Physics Global Atmosphere Model, submitted.
  2. Ren, M., Zhang, G., et al. 2025: Idealized cyclone simulations with GFDL dynamical core.
  3. Zhang, G., T. Knutson, and S. Garner, 2019: Impacts of Extratropical Weather Perturbations on Tropical Cyclone Activity: Idealized Sensitivity Experiments with a Regional Atmospheric Model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 14052– 14062.
  4. Zhang, G., and Z. Wang, 2018: North Atlantic Extratropical Rossby Wave Breaking during the Warm Season: Wave Life Cycle and Roles of Diabatic Heating. Mon. Wea. Rev., 146, 695–712.
  5. Zhang, G., Z. Wang, M. S. Peng, and G. Magnusdottir, 2017: Characteristics and Impacts of Extratropical Rossby Wave Breaking during the Atlantic Hurricane Season. J. Climate , 30, 2363–2379.
  6. Hu, H., F. Dominguez, Z. Wang, D. Lavers, G. Zhang, and F. M, Ralph, 2017: Linking Atmospheric River Hydrological Impacts on the U.S. West Coast to Rossby Wave Breaking. J. Climate , 30, 3381–3399.
  7. Zhang, G., Z. Wang, T. J. Dunkerton, M. S. Peng, and G. Magnusdottir, 2016: Extratropical Impacts on Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity. J. Atmos. Sci., 73, 1401-1418.
  8. Hankes, I, Z. Wang, G. Zhang, and C. Fritz, 2014: Merger of African Easterly Waves and Formation of Cape Verde Storms. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 141, 1306-1319.

Technical Reports

  1. Zhang 2024: Hope or Hype: AI-driven Risk Modeling of Tropical Cyclones. Office of Risk Management and Insurance Research, Gies Business School.